hiv publications
Final Survey Reports

Most DHS final reports since 1988 include indicators on HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior. Most surveys since 2001 have included HIV Testing.

HIV Fact Sheets

HIV Fact Sheets are published for most countries that include HIV prevalence testing in their DHS or AIS surveys. HIV fact sheets show, in brochure format, the major HIV prevalence indicators, including prevalence by residence, sex, age, and education. Data are shown in charts, and accompanied by explanatory text.


AIS Final Reports
ID Title Published
AIS12 Mozambique AIS, 2015 - Final Report (English, Portuguese) 2018
AIS11 Tanzania AIS, 2011-12 - Final Report AIS/MIS (English) 2013
AIS10 Uganda AIS, 2011 - Final Report (English) 2012
 
Analytical Studies
ID Title Published
AS62 Integration of Infectious Disease Services with Antenatal Care Services at Health Facilities in Kenya, Malawi, and Tanzania (English) 2016
AS53 An Inventory of Alcohol-Related Questions in the Demographic and Health Surveys and an Analysis of Alcohol Use and Unsafe Sex in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2015
AS51 The Relationship between the Health Service Environment and Service Utilization: Linking Population Data to Health Facilities Data in Haiti and Malawi (English) 2015
AS47 Contraceptive Dynamics Following HIV Testing (English) 2014
AS35 HIV Status and Cohabitation in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2013
AS36 Spousal Violence and HIV: Exploring the Linkages in Five Sub-Saharan African Countries (English) 2013
AS40 HIV Prevalence Patterns by Age and Sex: Exploring Differences among 19 Countries (English) 2013
AS29 HIV-Related Knowledge and Behaviors among People Living with HIV in Eight High HIV Prevalence Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2012
AS30 Integration of HIV and Family Planning Health Services in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2012
AS24 The Impact of Television and Radio on Reproductive Behavior and on HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Behavior (English) 2011
AS15 Orphans and Vulnerable Children in High HIV-Prevalence Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2008
AS16 HIV and Nutrition among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2008
AS12 Evaluating HIV Estimates from National Population-Based Surveys for Bias Resulting from Non-Response (English) 2008
 
Atlas Reports
ID Title Published
ATR10 Central African Republic Atlas of HIV and AIDS Indicators 2010 (English, French) 2012
ATR9 Gender and Health Indicators in Ghana: Data from the 2008 Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2010
ATR7 Atlas de la République Démocratique du Congo sur les Indicateurs du VIH/Sida 2007 (French) 2008
ATR6 Central African Republic Atlas of HIV and AIDS Indicators 2006 (English, French) 2008
ATR5 Uganda Atlas of HIV/AIDS Indicators 2004-05 (English) 2007
ATR4 Tanzania 2003-04 Atlas of HIV/AIDS Indicators (English) 2006
 
Comparative Reports
ID Title Published
CR43 Factors Associated with Prior Testing among HIV-Positive Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2016
CR39 Performance of Enzyme Immunoassays for HIV Serology in Surveys Conducted by The Demographic and Health Surveys Program (English) 2016
CR37 The Prevalence of Household Risk Factors for Children Age 0-17, Estimated for 2000-2015 Using DHS and MICS Surveys (English) 2015
CR35 Child Survival by HIV Status of the Mother: Evidence from DHS and AIS Surveys (English) 2014
CR30 Demographic Patterns of HIV Testing Uptake in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2013
CR24 Changes in HIV-Related Knowledge and Behaviors in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2009
CR22 Levels and Spread of HIV Seroprevalence and Associated Factors: Evidence from National Household Surveys (English) 2009
CR21 Medical Injection Use and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2008
 
DHS Questionnaires and Manuals
ID Title Published
DHSM14 DHS Survey Design: HIV Testing (English) 2020
 
Further Analysis
ID Title Published
FA133 Household Structure and Healthcare Seeking Behaviour in Mali (English) 2020
FA89 Recent Trends in HIV-Related Knowledge and Behaviors in Rwanda, 2005-2010 (English) 2013
FA70 HIV no seio dos casais em Moçambique: Estado serológico, conhecimento do estado, e factores associados com a serodiscordância do HIV (Portuguese) 2011
FA71 HIV among couples in Mozambique: HIV status, knowledge of status, and factors associated with HIV serodiscordance (English) 2011
FA63 Évaluation de l'impact du biais des non réponses sur la prévalence du VIH estimée aud cours de l'EDSM-IV au Mali (French) 2008
FA48 Evaluating HIV Seroprevalence Estimates from Ethiopia (English) 2008
FA56 Changes in HIV-Related Knowledge and Behavior in Ethiopia, 2000-2005 (English) 2008
FA57 Factors Associated with Prevalent HIV Infections among Ethiopian Adults (English) 2008
FA46 An In-Depth Analysis of HIV Prevalence in Ghana (English) 2005
FA22 Knowledge of STIs and AIDS, Risk Awareness and Condom Use in Zimbabwe (English) 1997
FA21 Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior Regarding AIDS in Benin (English, French) 1997
 
HIV Fact Sheets
ID Title Published
HF63 Zambia DHS, 2018 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2020
HF62 Senegal DHS, 2017 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2018
HF61 Mozambique AIS, 2015 - HIV Fact Sheet (Portuguese) 2018
HF60 Angola DHS, 2015-16 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, Portuguese) 2017
HF59 Malawi DHS, 2015-16 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2017
HF58 Zimbabwe DHS, 2015 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2016
HF57 Lesotho DHS, 2014 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2016
HF56 Togo DHS, 2013-14 - Togo HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2015
HF54 Liberia DHS, 2013 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2014
HF53 Mali DHS, 2012-13 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2014
HF48 Tajikistan DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (Russian) (English) 2013
HF52 Guinea DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2013
HF50 Kyrgyz Republic DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2013
HF49 Benin DHS, 2011-12 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2013
HF47 Niger DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2013
HF45 Haiti DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2013
HF44 Gabon DHS, 2012 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2013
HF43 Tanzania AIS, 2011-12 - HIV Fact Sheet (Kiswahili) (English) 2013
HF51 Equatorial Guinea DHS, 2011 - HIV Fact Sheet (Spanish) 2012
HF42 Cameroon DHS, 2011 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2012
HF41 Uganda AIS, 2011 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2012
HF39 Burundi DHS, 2010 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2012
HF40 Burkina Faso DHS, 2010 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2012
HF37 Zimbabwe DHS, 2010-11 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2012
HF35 Central African Republic MICS, 2010 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2012
HF36 Rwanda DHS, 2010 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2012
HF38 Senegal DHS, 2010-11 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2012
HF34 Malawi DHS, 2010 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2011
HF32 Lesotho DHS, 2009 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2010
HF33 Mozambique AIS, 2009 - HIV Fact Sheets (English, Portuguese) 2010
HF30 Sierra Leone DHS, 2008 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2009
HF29 Zambia DHS, 2007 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2009
HF28 Tanzania AIS, 2007-08 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2008
HF26 Ukraine DHS, 2007 - HIV Fact Sheet (Ukrainian) (English) 2008
HF25 Congo Democratic Republic DHS, 2007 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2008
HF24 Liberia DHS, 2007 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2008
HF27 Cape Verde DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, Portuguese) 2008
HF22 Dominican Republic DHS, 2007 - HIV Fact Sheet (Spanish, English) 2008
HF23 Mali DHS, 2006 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2007
HF20 Benin DHS, 2006 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2007
HF18 CAR HIV Fact Sheet 2006 (French) 2007
HF21 Eswatini DHS, 2006-07 - HIV Fact Sheet (siSwati) (English) 2007
HF15 Cambodia DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2007
HF19 Zimbabwe DHS, 2005-06 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2007
HF16 Niger DHS, 2006 - HIV Fact Sheet (French) 2007
HF17 Haiti DHS, 2005-06 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2007
HF14 Cote d'Ivoire AIS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2006
HF13 Ethiopia DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2006
HF12 Rwanda DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2006
HF4 Guinea DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2006
HF9 Senegal DHS, 2005 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2006
HF11 Uganda AIS, 2004-05 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2006
HF7 Malawi DHS, 2004 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2005
HF10 Tanzania AIS, 2003-04 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2005
HF6 Lesotho DHS, 2004 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2005
HF2 Cameroon DHS, 2004 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2005
HF1 Burkina Faso DHS, 2003 - HIV Fact Sheet (English, French) 2004
HF3 Ghana DHS, 2003 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2004
HF5 Kenya DHS, 2003 - HIV Fact Sheet (English) 2004
 
Methodological Reports
ID Title Published
MR22 Assessing the Impact of Imperfect Immunoassays on HIV Prevalence Estimates from Surveys Conducted by The DHS Program (English) 2017
MR10 Validity of Data on Self-reported HIV Status in Malawi and Uganda and Implications for Measurement of ARV Coverage (English) 2014
MR8 Results of the Pilot Survey of an Experimental Module of Sexual Activity Questions (English) 2014
MR7 Measuring Concurrent Sexual Partnerships: Experience of the MEASURE DHS Project to Date (English) 2012
 
Occasional Papers
ID Title Published
OP7 Cost-Effectiveness of Integrating PMTCT and MNCH Services: An Application of the LiST Model for Malawi, Mozambique, and Uganda (English) 2013
 
Other Dissemination Materials
ID Title Published
DM85 Lesotho DHS 2014 - HIV Infographic (English) 2016
DM78 Tanzania 2014-15 SPA - Flyer (English) 2016
DM70 Ghana DHS 2014 - Infographic (English) 2015
DM46 Women's Lives and Challenges - 3 infographic posters (English) 2014
DM30 Reading AIS Tables (Tanzania 2011-12) (Kiswahili) (English) 2013
DM26 HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: Data from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2013
DM11 Reading DHS Tables (Tanzania THMIS 2007-08) (English) 2009
DM7 Reading DHS Tables (general/HIV) (English) 2008
DM3 The Future is in Our Hands: Tanzanian Youth, Reproductive Health and HIV (English) 2007
DM2 Youth in Kenya: Health and HIV (English) 2006
 
Other Documents
ID Title Published
OD66 Women's Lives and Challenges: Equality and Empowerment since 2000 (English) 2014
OD65 HIV Prevalence Estimates - Updated July 2012 (English) 2012
OD61 HIV Prevalence Estimates - Updated June 2010 (English) 2010
OD62 Estimations de la prévalence du VIH - Mis à jour juin 2010 (French) 2010
OD60 Millennium Development Goals in Ghana (English) 2010
OD53 Finding the Missing Maternal and Paternal Orphans (English) 2008
OD51 HIV Prevalence Estimates (English) 2008
OD52 Estimations de la prévalence du VIH (French) 2008
OD46 Trends in Youth Reproductive Health in Ethiopia, 2000 and 2005 (English) 2008
OD50 HIV/AIDS in Haiti: Key Findings of the Mortality, Morbidity, and Utilization of Services Survey EMMUS-IV 2005-2006 (English, French) 2008
OD47 Jordan - Population and Family Health Survey 2002 - Amman Governorate Report (Arabic, English) 2004
OD48 Jordan - Population and Family Health Survey 2002 - Irbid Governorate Report (Arabic, English) 2004
OD49 Jordan - Population and Family Health Survey 2002 - Zarqa Governorate Report (Arabic, English) 2004
OD25 Youth Reproductive Health in Ethiopia (English) 2002
OD15 Fécondité, planification familiale et santé de la mére et de l'enfant au - Niger Situation régionale (French) 1999
OD7 The Male Role in Fertility, Family Planning, and Reproductive Health (English, French) 1997
 
Other Fact Sheets
ID Title Published
OF44 Cameroon 2018 DHS - 5 Fact Sheets (English, French) 2020
 
Other Final Reports
ID Title Published
FR314 Sao Tome and Principe MICS, 2014 - Resultados dos Biomarcadores do Inquérito de Indicadores Múltiplos (MICS) São Tomé E Príncipe 2014 (Portuguese) 2015
FR263 Central African Republic MICS, 2010 - Prévalence de l'Infection VIH et Facteurs Associés en République Centrafricaine en 2010 (English, French) 2012
 
Policy Briefs
ID Title Published
PB7 Tanzania AIS Briefing Kit 2011-12 (English) 2013
PB1 Pakistan Briefing Kit 2006-07 (English) 2008
PB2 Eswatini Briefing Kit 2006-07 (English) 2008
 
Qualitative Research Studies
ID Title Published
QRS16 Alcohol Consumption, Sexual Partners, and HIV Transmission in Namibia (English) 2009
QRS15 Social Context of Disclosing HIV Test Results: HIV Testing in Tanzania (English) 2008
QRS13 Social Dynamics of VCT and Disclosure in Uganda (English) 2006
QRS12 Home-Based HIV Testing and Counselling in a Survey Context in Uganda (English) 2006
QRS10 Comprehension of Questions in the Tanzania AIDS Indicator Survey (English) 2004
QRS8 Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) for HIV in Malawi: Public Perspectives and Recent VCT Experiences (English) 2004
QRS7 Obtenir le consentement éclaire pour le test VIH; L'expérience de l'Enquête Démographique et de Santé au Mali (French) 2004
QRS4 Obtaining Informed Consent for HIV Testing: The DHS Experience in Mali (English) 2002
 
SPA Final Reports
ID Title Published
SPA9 Kenya SPA, 2004 - Final Report - HIV SPA (English) 2005
SPA34 Guatemala MCH SPA, 1997 - Guatemala Salud Materno Infantil en los Departamentos del Altiplano (Spanish) 1999
 
Spatial Analysis Reports
ID Title Published
SAR10 Linking DHS Household and SPA Facility Surveys: Data Considerations and Geospatial Methods (English) 2014
 
Summary Reports/Key Findings
ID Title Published
SR254 Nepal DHS, 2016 - Province 5 - Key Findings from the 2015 Nepal Health Facility Survey & 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2019
SR255 Nepal DHS, 2016 - Karnali Province - Key Findings from the 2015 Nepal Health Facility Survey & 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2019
SR196 Tanzania AIS, 2011-12 - Key Findings (Kiswahili) (English) 2013
SR194 Uganda AIS, 2011 - Key Findings (English) 2012
SR179 Mozambique AIS, 2009 - Key Findings (English, Portuguese) 2010
SR139 Kenya SPA, 2004 - Key Findings - HIV/AIDS (English) 2005
SR149 Uganda Health Facilities Survey 2002 - Key Findings (English) 2003
SR152 Mali DHS, 2001 - HIV Screening Test in Mali (English, French) 2002
SR133 Peru DHS, 2000 - Key Findings on HIV/AIDS (Spanish) 2002
SR134 Malawi DHS, 2000 - Key Findings (English) 2002
SR135 Armenia DHS, 2000 - Key Findings (English) 2002
SR151 Haiti DHS, 2000 - VIH/Sida et Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles en Haïti (French) 2002
SR153 Uganda DHS, 2000-01 - HIV/AIDS and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in Uganda (English) 2002
SR154 Cambodia DHS, 2000 - HIV/AIDS and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in Cambodia (English) 2002
SR155 Rwanda DHS, 2000 - VIH/Sida et Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles au Rwanda - Résultats de l'Enquête Démographique et de Santé Rwanda 2000 (French) 2002
 
Survey Presentations
ID Title Published
PPT33 Tanzania: AIS, 2011-12 - Survey Presentations (Kiswahili) (English) 2013
PPT30 Uganda: AIS, 2011 - Survey Presentations (English) 2012
 
Trend Reports
ID Title Published
TR06 Trends in Demographic, Family Planning, and Health Indicators in Tanzania (English) 1997
 
Working Papers
ID Title Published
WP189 Design-based Small Area Estimation: A Nearest Neighbor Method for HIV Prevalence Estimation (English) 2022
WP157 Coverage and Associated Factors for HIV Screening in Senegal: Analysis of the 2017 Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2019
WP141 Determinants of Risky Sexual Behavior Among the Youth in Malawi (English) 2018
WP134 Knowledge about HIV and Discriminatory Attitudes toward People Living with HIV in Pakistan (English) 2017
WP125 Male Circumcision and HIV in Lesotho: Is the Relationship Real or Spurious? Analysis of the 2009 Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2016
WP127 Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Educated Malawians: Analysis of the 2010 Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2016
WP122 HIV/AIDS and Unmet Need for Family Planning (English) 2015
WP119 Factors Associated with Changes in Uptake of HIV Testing among Young Women (age 15-24) in Tanzania from 2003 to 2012 (English) 2015
WP117 Gender Relations, Sexual Behaviour, and Risk of Contracting Sexually Transmitted Infections among Women in Union in Uganda (English) 2015
WP105 HIV Knowledge and Risky Sexual Behavior among Men in Rwanda (English) 2014
WP107 Knowledge of HIV Status at ANC and Utilization of Maternal Health Services in the 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2014
WP110 Factors Associated with HIV Testing in the 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2014
WP111 Changes in HIV Prevalence among Men and Women between the 2005-06 and 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Surveys (English) 2014
WP113 Unintended Births and HIV in the 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2014
WP102 Male Circumcision and Risky Sexual Behavior in Zimbabwe: Evidence from the 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (English) 2013
WP101 The Role of Women's Empowerment in Influencing HIV Testing (English) 2013
WP100 Male Circumcision, Sexual Behavior, and HIV Status in Uganda (English) 2013
WP88 Poverty and Risky Sexual Behaviours: Evidence from Tanzania (English) 2013
WP81 Validity of Data on Self-reported HIV Status and Implications for Measurement of ARV Coverage in Malawi (English) 2012
WP67 Utilization of HIV-Related Services from the Private Health Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis (English) 2010
WPZ3 Risk-Taking Behaviors of HIV-Positive Adults in Zimbabwe: Opportunities for Prevention with the Positives (English) 2010
WPZ4 The Association between Violence against Women and HIV: Evidence from a National Population-Based Survey in Zimbabwe (English) 2010
WP64 Spousal Communication About HIV Prevention in Kenya (English) 2009
WP63 A Closer Examination of the HIV/Fertility Linkage (English) 2009
WP62 Concurrent Sexual Partnerships and HIV Infection: Evidence from National Population-Based Surveys (English) 2009
WP42 The Association between Medical Injections and Prevalent HIV Infection: Evidence from a National Sero-Survey in Uganda (English) 2008
WP50 Individual- and Community-level Determinants of Social Acceptance of People Living with HIV in Kenya: Results from a National Population-based Survey (English) 2008
WP47 Comparison of HIV Prevalence Estimates from Antenatal Care Surveillance and Population-Based Surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2008
WP49 AIDS Stigma and Uptake of HIV Testing in Zimbabwe (English) 2008
WP34 Men's Condom Use in Higher-Risk Sex: Trends and Determinants in Five Sub-Saharan Countries (English) 2008
WP32 Desire for Children and Unmet Need for Contraception among HIV-Positive Women in Lesotho (English) 2007
WP33 HIV Status and Age at First Marriage among Women in Cameroon (English) 2007
WP27 Spatial Modeling of HIV Prevalence in Kenya (English) 2007
WP31 A study of the association of HIV infection with wealth in sub-Saharan Africa (English) 2007
WP26 Under-five Mortality Trends in Africa: Reconstruction from Demographic Sample Surveys (English) 2005
WP24 Education and Nutritional Status of Orphans and Children of HIV-Infected Parents in Kenya (English) 2005