1) Percent distribution of households and de jure population by place for cooking.
2) Percent distribution of households and de jure population by main type of cooking technology.
3) Percent distribution of households and de jure population by cooking fuel.
4) Percentage of households and de jure population using clean fuels and technologies for cooking.
5) Percentage of households and de jure population using solid fuel for cooking.
Coverage:
Population base:
a) Households (HR file)
b) De jure household population (HR file or PR file)
Time period: Current status at time of survey
Numerators:
1) Number of households and de jure population by place for cooking:
a) In the house, separate room/kitchen (hv241 = 1 & hv242 = 1)
b) In the house, no separate room/kitchen (hv241 = 1 & hv242 = 2)
c) In a separate building (hv241 = 2)
d) Outdoors (hv241 = 3)
e) Other (hv241 = 6)
f) No food cooked in household (hv222 = 95)
2) Number of households and de jure population by main type of cooking technology (hv226), and for solid fuel stoves (hv226 in 9:17), by presence and absence of a chimney (hv240)
3) Number of households and de jure population by type of cooking fuel (hv226 in 9:17)
4) Number of households and de jure population using clean fuels and technologies for cooking (hv226 in 1:6)
5) Number of households and de jure population using solid fuel for cooking (hv226 in 9:17)
Denominators:
a) Number of households
b) Number of de jure population (hv012 – see Calculation)
Variables: HR file, PR file.
|
hv012 |
Number of de jure members (if using HR file) |
|
hv102 |
Usual resident (if using PR file) |
|
hv241 |
Food cooked in the house/separate building/outdoors |
|
hv222 |
Type of cookstove |
|
hv242 |
Household has separate room used as kitchen |
|
hv226 |
Type of cooking fuel |
|
hv240 |
Presence of chimney for cooking technology |
|
hv005 |
Household sample weight |
Percent distribution of de jure population can be calculated using the HR file and simply weighting the data by the sample weight (hv005/1000000) multiplied by the number of de jure household members (hv012). Alternatively, the PR file can be used instead, selecting the de jure members (hv102 = 1) and weighting just by the sample weight (hv005/1000000).
Numerator divided by denominator, multiplied by 100.
Households and population with missing information are included as separate categories.
Clean fuels and technologies for cooking include stoves/cookers using electricity, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)/natural gas/biogas, solar, and alcohol/ethanol.
Solid fuels include coal/lignite, charcoal, wood, straw/shrub/grass, agricultural crops, animal dung/waste, processed biomass (pellets) or woodchips, garbage/plastic, and sawdust.
Percent distribution adds up to 100 percent.
In DHS-IV through DHS-7, information was collected solely on the type of fuel used for cooking. With time, this information was used to produce indicators on the percentage using solid fuel for cooking (starting in DHS-VI) and the percentage using clean fuel for cooking (starting in DHS-7). In DHS-8, the critical indicator is no longer the type of fuel used when cooking, but rather the combination of fuel and technology (SDG 7.1.2 - Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology).
In some surveys, information was collected on whether or not solid fuel stoves have an internal fan (to improve stove efficiency). In DHS-8, a question on the presence of a chimney is included for solid fuel stoves. This information does not currently factor into any internationally recognized indicators. A response of ‘don’t know’ for presence of a chimney is counted as a no.
Bonjour, S., H. Adair-Rohani, J. Wolf, N.G. Bruce, S. Mehta, A. Prüss-Ustün, M. Lahiff, E.A. Rehfuess, V. Mishra, and K.R. Smith. 2013. “Solid fuel use for household cooking: country and regional estimates for 1980–2010.” Environmental health perspectives, 121(7):784. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1205987/
WHO. 2006. Fuel for life: household energy and health. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563161
WHO. 2018. Global reference list of 100 core health indicators. Geneva: World Health Organization.
https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/259951
DHS-8 Tabulation plan: Table 2.2, 2.4
API Indicator IDs:
Households
Place for cooking:
HC_CKPL_H_HSE, HC_CKPL_H_SEP, HC_CKPL_H_OUT, HC_CKPL_H_NFD, HC_CKPL_H_DKM, HC_CKPL_W_OTH
Cooking technology:
HC_CKTC_H_CFT, HC_CKTC_H_ELC, HC_CKTC_H_SOL, HC_CKTC_H_LPG, HC_CKTC_H_NAT,
HC_CKTC_H_BIO, HC_CKTC_H_LFA, HC_CKTC_H_OFT, HC_CKTC_H_LFN, HC_CKTC_H_MSF
(API Link)
HC_CKTC_H_MSC, HC_CKTC_H_MSW, HC_CKTC_H_TSF, HC_CKTC_H_TSC, HC_CKTC_H_TSW,
HC_CKTC_H_3SO, HC_CKTC_H_OTH, HC_CKTC_H_NFD
Cooking fuel:
HC_CKFL_H_ELC, HC_CKFL_H_LPG, HC_CKFL_H_KER, HC_CKFL_H_COL, HC_CKFL_H_CHR, HC_CKFL_H_WOD, HC_CKFL_H_STR, HC_CKFL_H_AGR, HC_CKFL_H_DNG, HC_CKFL_H_GAS, HC_CKFL_H_BMS, HC_CKFL_H_GBP, HC_CKFL_H_SWD, HC_CKFL_H_OTH, HC_CKFL_H_NFD, HC_CKFL_H_SLD, HC_CKFL_H_CLN
Clean fuels for cooking:
HC_CKFL_H_CLN
Solid fuels for cooking:
HC_CKFL_H_SLD
De jure population
Place for cooking:
HC_CKPL_P_HSE, HC_CKPL_P_KIT, HC_CKPL_P_NKT, HC_CKPL_P_SEP, HC_CKPL_P_OUT, HC_CKPL_P_NFD, HC_CKPL_P_OTH
Cooking technology:
HC_CKTC_P_CFT, HC_CKTC_P_ELC, HC_CKTC_P_SOL, HC_CKTC_P_LPG, HC_CKTC_P_NAT, HC_CKTC_P_BIO, HC_CKTC_P_LFA, HC_CKTC_P_OFT, HC_CKTC_P_LFN, HC_CKTC_P_MSF
Cooking fuel:
HC_CKFL_P_ELC, HC_CKFL_P_LPG, HC_CKFL_P_KER, HC_CKFL_P_COL, HC_CKFL_P_CHR, HC_CKFL_P_WOD, HC_CKFL_P_STR, HC_CKFL_P_AGR, HC_CKFL_P_DNG, HC_CKFL_P_GAS, HC_CKFL_P_BMS, HC_CKFL_P_GBP, HC_CKFL_P_SWD, HC_CKFL_P_OTH, HC_CKFL_P_NFD, HC_CKFL_P_SLD, HC_CKFL_P_CLN
Clean fuels for cooking:
HC_CKFL_P_CLN
Solid fuels for cooking:
HC_CKFL_P_SLD
SDG indicator 1.4.1d and 7.1.1: Proportion of population with access to electricity
SDG Indicator 7.1.2: Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology
WHO 100 Core Health Indicators: Population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology
MICS6 Indicator TC.15: Primary reliance on clean fuels and technologies for cooking