This chapter covers a number of HIV/AIDS-related issues and presents indicators for monitoring and evaluating HIV/AIDS prevention programs. The indicators in this chapter present information reported by both female and male respondents and can be grouped into five broad categories:
· HIV Knowledge: Indicators concerning knowledge of HIV, knowledge of HIV prevention methods, detailed or comprehensive knowledge about HIV including knowledge of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, knowledge of HIV treatment, and knowledge of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
· Attitudes concerning HIV: Indicators about the willingness to provide care for a family member with HIV and willingness to interact with people living with HIV, women’s attitudes toward negotiating sexual relation with their husbands and support for education about condom use to prevent HIV.
· HIV-related behavior: Indicators such as having multiple sexual partners in the past 12 months, commercial sexual relations and condom use in those circumstances, testing for HIV, self-reported prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and care-seeking for STIs.
· Young people and HIV: These indicators are for respondents age 15-24. They present detailed information about age at first sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners and condom use at last intercourse in the past 12 months, and testing for HIV in the past 12 months.
· Self-testing for HIV: These indicators look at the percentage of respondents who have ever used an HIV self-test kit.