1) Percentage of births (live birth and/or stillbirth) in the 2 years preceding the survey delivered by caesarean section.
2) Percentage of live births in the 5 years preceding the survey delivered by caesarean section that was planned before the onset of labor pains. (legacy indicator)
3) Percentage of live births in the 5 years preceding the survey delivered by caesarean section that was decided after the onset of labor pains. (legacy indicator)
Coverage:
Population base:
a) Live births to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (NR file)
b) Stillbirths to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (NR file)
c) All births (live births and stillbirths) to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (NR file)
d) All live births to interviewed women in the 5 years preceding the survey (NR file)
Time period: a)-c) Two years preceding the survey, d) Five years preceding the survey
Numerators:
Number of births within base population a)-c) which were:
1) delivered by caesarean section (m17 = 1)
Number of births within base population d) which were:
1) delivered by caesarean section that was planned before the onset of labor pains (m17a = 1)
2) delivered by caesarean section that was decided after the onset of labor pains (m17a = 2)
Denominator: Number of births in each of the population bases:
a) Live births to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (m80 in 1:2 & p19 < 24)
b) Stillbirths to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (m80 in 3:4 & p19 < 24)
c) All births (live births and stillbirths) to interviewed women in the 2 years preceding the survey (m80 in 1:4 & p19 < 24)
d) All live births to interviewed women in the 5 years preceding the survey
Variables: NR file.
|
m80 |
Pregnancy outcome for this section |
|
p19 |
Months since pregnancy outcome |
|
m17 |
Delivery by caesarean section |
|
m17a |
Timing on decision for caesarean section |
|
v005 |
Woman’s individual sample weight |
Numerator divided by the denominator, multiplied by 100.
Excluded from numerator of percentage delivered by Caesarean section (assumed not Caesarean section).
In DHS-8, the reference time period for this indicator changed from 5 years to 2 years, reflecting a shorter time period asked about in the women’s questionnaire. Also in DHS-8, the population base for this indicator was expanded from only women who had at least one live birth in the 2 years preceding the survey to include women who had a stillbirth in the 2 years preceding the survey, as well as women who had one or more births (either live birth or stillbirth) in the 2 years preceding the survey.
Indicators about timing of decision to conduct the C-section are no longer included in the DHS-8 questionnaire.
Cavallaro, F.L., J.A. Cresswell, G.V. França, C.G. Victora, A.G. Barros, and C. Ronsmans. 2013. “Trends in caesarean delivery by country and wealth quintile: cross-sectional surveys in southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 91, pp.914-922D. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24347730/
MacQuarrie, K.L.D., L. Mallick, and C. Allen. 2017. Sexual and reproductive health in early and later adolescence: DHS data on youth Age 10-19. DHS Comparative Reports No. 45. Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF. https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-cr45-comparative-reports.cfm
DHS-8 Tabulation plan: Table 9.8
API Indicator IDs:
RH_DELA_C_CSC
MICS6 Indicator TM.10: Caesarean section.