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Traditional Male Circumcision is Associated with Sexual Risk Behaviors in Sub-Saharan Countries Prioritized for Male Circumcision
Authors: Chyun Shi, Michael Li, and Jonathan Dushoff
Source: AIDS and Behavior, Online First: 1-9; DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02473-0
Topic(s): Circumcision
HIV/AIDS
Men's health
Sexual behavior
Country: Africa
  Multiple African Countries
Published: APR 2019
Abstract: To understand the sexual risk behavior of men with traditional male circumcision and medical male circumcision in the context of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) campaign for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) scale-up, we investigated ten countries prioritized for the scale-up from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Male respondents aged 15–49 were selected. Ordinal regression was used to analyze the relationship between three sexual risk behaviors—condom use with non-cohabiting partners, number of non-cohabiting partners, and partner type—and circumcision status (traditionally circumcised before and after the VMMC scale-up, medically circumcised before and after the scale-up, and not circumcised), while controlling for social demographic covariates. We found evidence that some sexual risky behavior, specifically lower condom use and higher number of sexual partners, was associated with traditional circumcision. This finding suggests that messages about the protective effect of male circumcision may not have reached men with traditional circumcision. We suggest that WHO’s VMMC campaign should include communities where traditional male circumcision is popular. We looked for, but did not find, evidence of differences between groups circumcised at different times, which could have indicated sexual risk compensation. Keywords HIV Male circumcision Sexual risk behavior Sexual risk compensation Demographic health survey